{"id":10407,"date":"2023-09-18T09:36:44","date_gmt":"2023-09-18T06:36:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/?p=10407"},"modified":"2024-04-19T11:37:05","modified_gmt":"2024-04-19T08:37:05","slug":"bisam-agustos-2023-donemi-raporu-aclik-siniri-12-034-tl-yoksulluk-siniri-41-626-tl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/?p=10407","title":{"rendered":"B\u0130SAM A\u011fustos 2023 d\u00f6nemi raporu: a\u00e7l\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 12.034 TL, yoksulluk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 41.626 TL"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li><strong>Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli beslenmenin maliyeti g\u00fcnl\u00fck 400 TL&#8217;yi ge\u00e7ti<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>A\u00e7l\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 12.034 TL, yoksulluk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 41.626 TL<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 32.5 ile en y\u00fcksek paya sahiptir. Et, yumurta ve kurubaklagil grubunun pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 27 ile ikinci s\u0131radad\u0131r. Sebze ve meyvenin harcamalar i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 21&#8217;dir. Ekmek, makarna vb. i\u00e7in ise pay y\u00fczde 11&#8217;dir. Di\u011fer g\u0131da harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n toplam i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 8.5&#8217;tur.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Birle\u015fik Metal-\u0130\u015f Sendikas\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131f Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Merkezi (B\u0130SAM) Temmuz 2023 d\u00f6nemi i\u00e7in a\u00e7l\u0131k ve yoksulluk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 15 Eyl\u00fcl 2023&#8217;te a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.birlesikmetalis.org\/index.php\/tr\/guncel\/basin-aciklama\/2045-bisam0823\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>T\u00dc\u0130K (T\u00fcrkiye \u0130statistik Kurumu) harcama gruplar\u0131na g\u00f6re endeks rakamlar\u0131, 2003 y\u0131ll\u0131 madde fiyatlar\u0131 ile \u0130stanbul Halk Ekmek, zincir market cari ay internet fiyatlar\u0131 ve B\u0130SAM Beslenme Kal\u0131b\u0131 \u00fczerinden yap\u0131lan hesaplamaya g\u00f6re d\u00f6rt ki\u015filik bir ailenin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli beslenmesi i\u00e7in ayl\u0131k yapmas\u0131 gereken harcama tutar\u0131 A\u011fustos 2023 i\u00e7in 12 bin 34 lirad\u0131r. Bu harcama tutar\u0131 sadece g\u0131da i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken minimum tutard\u0131r. A\u00e7l\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 \u00fczerinden hanehalk\u0131 t\u00fcketim harcamalar\u0131 esas al\u0131narak yap\u0131lan hesaplama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re ise yoksulluk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 41 bin 626 lira olarak ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmek i\u00e7in her aile ferdinin almas\u0131 gereken kalori miktar\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermektedir. Yeti\u015fkin bir erke\u011fin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli beslenmesi i\u00e7in t\u00fcketmesi gereken g\u0131dalar\u0131n ayl\u0131k kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 3.301 lirad\u0131r. Bu de\u011fer yeti\u015fkin bir kad\u0131n i\u00e7in 3.145, 15-18 ya\u015f bir gen\u00e7 i\u00e7in 3.391, 4-6 ya\u015f aras\u0131 bir \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in 2.197 lirad\u0131r. Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde beslenmenin toplam aile b\u00fct\u00e7esine maliyeti ise 12 bin 34 lira olarak tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Bu tutar s\u00f6z konusu ailenin sadece g\u0131da i\u00e7in yapmas\u0131 gereken zorunlu harcama tutard\u0131r. E\u011fitim, sa\u011fl\u0131k, bar\u0131nma, e\u011flence, \u0131s\u0131nma, ula\u015f\u0131m gibi giderler ile bir ailenin yapmas\u0131 gereken harcama tutar\u0131 41 bin 626 liraya ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fcnl\u00fck harcamalarda A\u011fustos 2023\u2019de en y\u00fcksek maliyet grubunu s\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri grubu 130,25 liral\u0131k harcama gereksinimi ile olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Et, tavuk ve bal\u0131k grubu i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken minimum harcama tutar\u0131 ise 79.28 lirad\u0131r. Sebze ve meyve i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken g\u00fcnl\u00fck harcama tutar\u0131 ise 84.33 liraya ula\u015ft\u0131. Ekmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken harcama tutar\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck 33.38 lirad\u0131r. Kat\u0131 ya\u011f ve s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011f ise 23.42 liral\u0131k masraf yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken \u00fcr\u00fcn grubudur. Yumurta i\u00e7in 8.13, \u015feker, bal, re\u00e7el ve pekmez i\u00e7in ise 10.59 lira harcama yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>SEPET\u0130N YAKLA\u015eIK \u00dc\u00c7TE B\u0130R\u0130 S\u00dcT VE S\u00dcT \u00dcR\u00dcNLER\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Daha dar bir grupland\u0131rmaya g\u00f6re harcamalarda s\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 32.5 ile en y\u00fcksek paya sahiptir. Et, yumurta ve kurubaklagil grubunun pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 27 ile ikinci s\u0131radad\u0131r. Sebze ve meyvenin harcamalar i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 21&#8217;dir. Ekmek, makarna vb. i\u00e7in ise pay y\u00fczde 11&#8217;dir. Di\u011fer g\u0131da harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n toplam i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 ise y\u00fczde 8.5&#8217;tur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A\u0130LE B\u0130REY\u0130NE G\u00d6RE HARCAMA GEREKS\u0130N\u0130M\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Her bir aile ferdinin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmesi i\u00e7in gereksinim duydu\u011fu g\u0131da grubu ve almas\u0131 gereken kalori miktar\u0131 farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6stermektedir. \u00d6rne\u011fin t\u00fcketilmesi gereken ekmek miktar\u0131 kad\u0131n ve erkek a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan anlaml\u0131 d\u00fczeyde farkl\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri t\u00fcketiminde 10-18 ya\u015f aras\u0131ndaki bir gencin harcama gereksinimi, yeti\u015fkin erkek ve kad\u0131ndan fazlayken, yumurta 4-6 ya\u015f grubu i\u00e7in daha \u00f6nemlidir. G\u00fcnl\u00fck 401,13 liral\u0131k harcama i\u00e7inde en maliyetli t\u00fcketim kalemi yakla\u015f\u0131k 36.37 lira ile 10-18 ya\u015f aras\u0131 bir gencin t\u00fcketmesi gereken s\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnleri miktar\u0131d\u0131r. 4-6 ya\u015f aras\u0131 bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun t\u00fcketmesi gereken yumurta miktar\u0131 yeti\u015fkinlerden fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>ARA\u015eTIRMA Y\u00d6NTEM\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A\u00e7l\u0131k ve yoksulluk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 B\u0130SAM taraf\u0131ndan her ay\u0131n 15&#8217;inde kamuoyu ile payla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, B\u0130SAM taraf\u0131ndan Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Hacettepe \u00dcniversitesi Beslenme ve Diyabetik b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye \u00d6zg\u00fc Beslenme Kal\u0131b\u0131\u2019n\u0131n, farkl\u0131 kaynaklardan elde edilen verilerle de\u011ferlendirilerek yenilenmesi sonucunda elde edilen B\u0130SAM beslenme kal\u0131b\u0131 ile T\u00dc\u0130K harcama gruplar\u0131na g\u00f6re endeks rakamlar\u0131, T\u00dc\u0130K 2003 y\u0131ll\u0131 madde fiyatlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak ekmek fiyatlar\u0131nda referans de\u011fer \u0130stanbul Halk Ekmek, sebze ve meyvede zincir market internet fiyatlar\u0131d\u0131r. Meyve-Sebze fiyat\u0131 cari aya aittir.<\/p>\n<p>A\u011fustos 2019 d\u00f6nemi \u00f6ncesinde madde grup a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131 basit ortalama \u00fczerinden hesaplan\u0131rken, bu d\u00f6nem ile birlikte her madde grubu kendi i\u00e7inde a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve dikkate al\u0131nan madde say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Rev 1). May\u0131s 2020 d\u00f6neminde ise, sebze ve meyvelerin mevsimsel olarak de\u011fi\u015fmesi ve bu durumun sonu\u00e7larda fazla oynakl\u0131\u011fa neden olmas\u0131 sebebi ile, meyve i\u00e7in a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kland\u0131rma kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, basit ortalama al\u0131nmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Sebzelerde ise mevsimsel nedenlerle fiyat\u0131 yer almayan \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in sebzelerin ortalama fiyat\u0131 konulmu\u015ftur (Rev 2).A\u011fustos 2020&#8217;de hesaplamada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir d\u00fczenleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekmi\u015ftir. Bu tarihten 2022 y\u0131l\u0131 Nisan ay\u0131na kadar veriler hayat pahal\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek seyretti\u011fi \u0130stanbul merkezli a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Rev 3). 2022 May\u0131s d\u00f6nemine kadar elde edilen beslenme kal\u0131b\u0131 her ay a\u00e7\u0131klanan T\u00dc\u0130K madde fiyatlar\u0131 ile de\u011ferlendirilerek, ki\u015finin ihtiyac\u0131na g\u00f6re yapmas\u0131 gereken g\u0131da harcamas\u0131n\u0131n tutar\u0131 tespit edilmekteydi. Ancak T\u00dc\u0130K&#8217;in madde fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaktan vazge\u00e7mesi ile birlikte, y\u00f6ntem de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine gidilmek zorunda kal\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna g\u00f6re T\u00dc\u0130K 2022 Nisan ay\u0131 madde fiyatlar\u0131 listesindeki \u00fcr\u00fcnler i\u00e7in 2003 y\u0131l\u0131 ortalamas\u0131 100 al\u0131nd\u0131ktan sonra, T\u00dc\u0130K Harcama Gruplar\u0131na G\u00f6re Endeks Rakamlar\u0131, ilgili \u00fcr\u00fcnlere uygun bir bi\u00e7imde yans\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve her bir \u00fcr\u00fcn grubu i\u00e7in a\u00e7\u0131klama yap\u0131lan ay\u0131n maliyetleri hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Temmuz ay\u0131ndan itibaren ise T\u00dc\u0130K endeksi ile piyasa fiyatlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda anlaml\u0131 fark\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlemlenen sebze-meyve ve ekmek fiyatlar\u0131 farkl\u0131 kaynaklara dayand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun i\u00e7in ekmek fiyatlar\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Halk Ekmek fiyatlar\u0131, sebze-meyve i\u00e7in zincir market internet fiyatlar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Meyve fiyat\u0131nda meyveler 5 grupta de\u011ferlendirilmi\u015f, ortalamas\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Yeni revizyonlara g\u00f6re ge\u00e7mi\u015fe g\u00f6re d\u00f6n\u00fck hesaplama yap\u0131labilir. Ancak farkl\u0131 revizyonlarla yap\u0131lan hesaplar kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir de\u011fildir. T\u00dc\u0130K verileri dikkate al\u0131narak yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z hesaplamada esas al\u0131nan kalori miktarlar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>4-6 ya\u015f \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in 1963 kalori<\/li>\n<li>15-18 ya\u015f \u00e7ocuk i\u00e7in 3244 kalori<\/li>\n<li>Yeti\u015fkin bir erkek i\u00e7in 2953 kalori<\/li>\n<li>Yeti\u015fkin bir kad\u0131n i\u00e7in 2658 kalori<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>4 Ki\u015filik ailenin sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 beslenmek i\u00e7in yapmas\u0131 gereken minimum ayl\u0131k g\u0131da harcamas\u0131 A\u00c7LIK SINIRI olarak belirlenmektedir. Bu verinin Hanehalk\u0131 t\u00fcketim harcamas\u0131na da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 ile elde edilen veri ise bize YOKSULLUK SINIRINI vermektedir. T\u00fcketim Harcama Kal\u0131b\u0131 dikkate al\u0131n\u0131rken, t\u00fcm i\u00e7ecekler, t\u00fct\u00fcn ve g\u0131da harcamalar\u0131 bir kalem olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>Yoksulluk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 hesaplan\u0131rken, T\u00dc\u0130K Hanehalk\u0131 B\u00fct\u00e7e Anketi T\u00fcketim Harcamas\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 2016 y\u0131l\u0131 sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n, 3. y\u00fczde 20\u2019lik dilimin t\u00fcketim harcamalar\u0131 dikkate al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu t\u00fcketim grubu T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de n\u00fcfusun y\u00fczde 40 ila y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki kesimidir. Yeti\u015fkin erkek ve kad\u0131nlar i\u00e7in 18-50 ya\u015f grubu, 10-18 ya\u015f grubu i\u00e7in erkek \u00e7ocuk dikkate al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 ve dengeli beslenmenin maliyeti g\u00fcnl\u00fck 400 TL&#8217;yi ge\u00e7ti A\u00e7l\u0131k s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 12.034 TL, yoksulluk s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 41.626 TL S\u00fct ve s\u00fct \u00fcr\u00fcnlerinin pay\u0131 y\u00fczde 32.5 ile&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":10371,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"template-c-s2-post.php","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[103,185],"class_list":["post-10407","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-guncel","tag-aclik-ve-yoksulluk-siniri","tag-bisam","wpcat-6-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10407","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10407"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10407\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10412,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10407\/revisions\/10412"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10371"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10407"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10407"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10407"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}