{"id":4063,"date":"2020-09-12T12:10:28","date_gmt":"2020-09-12T09:10:28","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/?p=4063"},"modified":"2024-04-19T11:41:53","modified_gmt":"2024-04-19T08:41:53","slug":"disk-ar-arastirmasi-12-eylul-isci-haklarini-nasil-yok-etti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/?p=4063","title":{"rendered":"D\u0130SK-AR ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131: 12 Eyl\u00fcl i\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l yok etti?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Eme\u011fe Kar\u015f\u0131 Sermaye Darbesi: 40 Y\u0131ld\u0131r 12 Eyl\u00fcl!<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>D\u0130SK-AR, 12 Eyl\u00fcl darbesinin 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r devam eden ekonomik, toplumsal ve sendikal alandaki y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkilerini bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmayla derledi. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada, 12 Eyl\u00fcl darbesinin toplumla ve ekonomik etkilerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra D\u0130SK\u2019e y\u00f6nelik yap\u0131lan sistemli sald\u0131r\u0131lar ve D\u0130SK ana davas\u0131yla ilgili bilgilerin d\u00f6k\u00fcm\u00fc de yer al\u0131yor.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/D\u0130SK-AR-12-Eyl\u00fcl-RAPOR-SON.pdf\"><span lang=\"TR\">\u00d6zeti a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da yer alan ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n tam metnine bu bu ba\u011flant\u0131dan ula\u015fabilirsiniz.\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"TR\">12 Eyl\u00fcl 1980\u2019de be\u015f generalden olu\u015fan cunta, bir askeri darbeyle \u00fclke y\u00f6netimine el koydu. 12 Eyl\u00fcl askeri darbesi ile h\u00fck\u00fbmet g\u00f6revden al\u0131nd\u0131,\u00a0T\u00fcrkiye B\u00fcy\u00fck Millet Meclisi\u00a0la\u011fvedildi ve 1961 Anayasas\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fckten kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Siyasi partilerin faaliyetleri durduruldu ve ard\u0131ndan siyasi partiler kapat\u0131ld\u0131. Darbe ile birlikte sendikal faaliyetler durduruldu, grevler yasakland\u0131 ve toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi hakk\u0131 ask\u0131ya al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"TR\">12 Eyl\u00fcl askeri darbesi sadece ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kalan bir askeri darbe de\u011fildir, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrkiye 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. Darbe sonras\u0131 olu\u015fturulan siyasal d\u00fczen ve onu var eden yasal d\u00fczenlemeler, darbe ile uygulama imk\u00e2n\u0131 bulan ac\u0131mas\u0131z neoliberal iktisat politikalar\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin son 40 y\u0131l\u0131na damgas\u0131n\u0131 vurdu. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>12 Eyl\u00fcl\u00a0darbesinin 40\u2019\u0131nc\u0131 y\u0131l\u0131nda D\u0130SK-AR bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma haz\u0131rlayarak, 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r devam eden eme\u011fe kar\u015f\u0131 darbe s\u00fcrecinin i\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l yok etti\u011fini, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na neler kaybettirdi\u011fini ortaya koydu. Rapordan \u00f6zet\u00a0bulgular \u015f\u00f6yle:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Sendikalar 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda:<\/strong>\u00a012 Eyl\u00fcl ile lokavt ve grev yasaklar\u0131 anayasaya girdi, hak grevi yasakland\u0131, sendikalara siyaset yasa\u011f\u0131 getirildi. Sendika kurmak ve sendikal faaliyet zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sendikala\u015fma 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r engelleniyor:<\/strong>\u00a0Sendikala\u015fma oran\u0131 1980\u2019de yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 40 iken, 2020\u2019de y\u00fczde 14\u2019\u00fcn alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Sigortal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 7 kat artmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir i\u015f\u00e7ile\u015fme s\u00fcreci ya\u015fanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen sendikal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 sadece iki kat artm\u0131\u015f, i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na \u00f6rg\u00fcts\u00fczl\u00fck dayat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Toplu pazarl\u0131k hakk\u0131 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r gasp ediliyor:<\/strong>\u00a012 Eyl\u00fcl 1980 darbesi sonras\u0131nda D\u0130SK kapal\u0131 iken sendikal faaliyetlerin yeniden ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 1984 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu yana toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmeleri kapsam\u0131ndaki i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131nda ciddi bir gerileme ya\u015fand\u0131. Toplu i\u015f s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi kapsam\u0131ndaki i\u015f\u00e7i oran\u0131n\u0131n 1980\u2019lerin ortalar\u0131ndan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze ciddi bi\u00e7imde geriledi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Grevler 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r yasaklan\u0131yor:<\/strong>\u00a012 Eyl\u00fcl askeri darbesi ile birlikte t\u00fcm grevler yasakland\u0131 ve grev hakk\u0131 1984\u2019e kadar ask\u0131ya al\u0131nd\u0131. Darbecilerin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yasal d\u00fczenlemelerle \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmek de grev hakk\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak da zorla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. 2,2 milyon sigortal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7inin oldu\u011fu 1980 y\u0131l\u0131nda 80 bin i\u015f\u00e7i greve \u00e7\u0131karken, ortalama 11 milyon sigortal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7inin oldu\u011fu AKP d\u00f6neminde ise y\u0131ll\u0131k ortalama greve \u00e7\u0131kan i\u015f\u00e7i say\u0131s\u0131 6 binin alt\u0131na geriledi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00d6zelle\u015ftirmeler 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r s\u00fcr\u00fcyor:<\/strong>\u00a024 Ocak ve 12 Eyl\u00fcl ile temelleri at\u0131lan ve \u00d6zal d\u00f6neminde ba\u015flayan \u00f6zelle\u015ftirme politikas\u0131 AKP d\u00f6neminde daha da vah\u015fi bi\u00e7imde uyguland\u0131. 68 Milyar dolarl\u0131k \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmenin aslan pay\u0131, 60 milyar dolar\u0131 (y\u00fczde 88\u2019i) AKP d\u00f6neminde yap\u0131ld\u0131. Cumhuriyetin b\u00fct\u00fcn ekonomik birikimi sat\u0131ld\u0131.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kamunun istihdamdaki pay\u0131 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r geriliyor:<\/strong>\u00a01980\u2019de toplam sigortal\u0131 i\u015f\u00e7iler i\u00e7inde y\u00fczde 36 olan kamu i\u015f\u00e7ilerinin oran\u0131 \u00f6zelle\u015ftirmelere paralel olarak 2015\u2019te y\u00fczde 8\u2019e geriledi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00dccretler 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r eriyor.<\/strong> 24 Ocak ve 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn temel hedeflerinden birinin \u00fccretleri bask\u0131lamak ve \u00fccret maliyetini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrmek idi. 1978\u2019de ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na milli gelirin y\u00fczde 3,4 \u00fczerinde olan asgari \u00fccret aradan ge\u00e7en 42 y\u0131lda ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na gelirin y\u00fczde 40-45 alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. Asgari \u00fccret 1978\u2019den sonra ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na gelire paralel olarak artsayd\u0131 asgari \u00fccretin 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda 4.507 TL olmas\u0131 gerekirdi. Oysa ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde asgari \u00fccret 2.558 TL olarak uyguland\u0131.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r art\u0131yor.<\/strong> 12 Eyl\u00fcl sonras\u0131 \u00fccretlerdeki gerilemeyi i\u015f\u00e7i ba\u015f\u0131na verimlilik ve i\u015f\u00e7i ba\u015f\u0131na ger\u00e7ek \u00fccret art\u0131\u015f\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiden de izlemek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. 1978 ile 2005 aras\u0131nda ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na verimlilik 100\u2019den 236\u2019ya y\u00fckselirken, ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na reel \u00fccretler ise 100\u2019den 98,6\u2019ya gerilemi\u015ftir. Son y\u0131llarda da 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda 100 olan saatlik i\u015fg\u00fcc\u00fc verimi 2019 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde 32,5 birim artm\u0131\u015fken 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda 100 olan reel birim \u00fccret endeksi 2019 y\u0131l\u0131nda yaln\u0131zca 5,8 puan artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r bozuk:<\/strong> 24 Ocak Kararlar\u0131 ve 12 Eyl\u00fcl Darbesi gelir da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 bozucu bir sonu\u00e7 yaratt\u0131. 1978\u2019de \u00fccretlerim milli gelir i\u00e7indeki pay\u0131 35,19 iken 1990\u2019lara do\u011fru y\u00fczde 14 civar\u0131na gerilemi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r tehlikede:\u00a0<\/strong>12 Eyl\u00fcl darbesinin ilk uygulamalar\u0131ndan biri k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131n\u0131 ve ikramiyeleri k\u0131rpmak oldu. 1978\u2019de asgari \u00fccretin 7,5 kat\u0131 olan k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 tavan\u0131, 1982\u2019de asgari \u00fccret ile ba\u011f\u0131n\u0131n kopar\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan h\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015fmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. AKP\u2019nin iktidara geldi\u011fi 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda asgari \u00fccretin 4,4 kat\u0131 olan k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 tavan\u0131 2020 itibariyle asgari \u00fccretin 2,4 kat\u0131na geriledi. Bunu bile \u00e7ok g\u00f6ren h\u00fck\u00fcmet ve i\u015fverenler bug\u00fcn k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 hakk\u0131na y\u00f6nelik yeni planlar pe\u015finde.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0130\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n\u0131n ekonomik durumuna ili\u015fkin b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00f6stergeler 24 Ocak ve 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn i\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131 ve i\u015f\u00e7ilerin gelirlerinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir kayba yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zetle <strong>i\u015f\u00e7i haklar\u0131 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r gasp ediliyor. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>12 Eyl\u00fcl darbecileri bu ama\u00e7lar\u0131na ula\u015fabilmek i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli hedeflerinden birini D\u0130SK olarak belirlediler. Darbeden \u00f6nce ilk olarak 22 Temmuz 1980\u2019de kurucu genel ba\u015fkan\u0131m\u0131z Kemal T\u00fcrkler \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. Kemal T\u00fcrkler\u2019in \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesinden bir hafta sonra, 30 Temmuz 1980\u2019de, bu kez D\u0130SK\u2019in kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in d\u00fc\u011fmeye bas\u0131ld\u0131. Bak\u0131rk\u00f6y Cumhuriyet Ba\u015fsavc\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, D\u0130SK\u2019in kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 istemi ile dava a\u00e7t\u0131. Darbenin ilk g\u00fcn\u00fc yay\u0131mlanan 7 numaral\u0131 Bildiri ile siyasi parti faaliyetlerinin yasaklanmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, D\u0130SK\u2019in ve D\u0130SK \u00fcyesi sendikalar\u0131n faaliyetleri durduruldu. 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019de faaliyetleri durdurularak hakk\u0131nda dava a\u00e7\u0131lan tek sendikal konfederasyon D\u0130SK oldu.<\/p>\n<p>D\u0130SK\u2019in ve D\u0130SK \u00fcyesi sendikalar\u0131n y\u00f6neticileri kanunlar da \u00e7i\u011fnenerek 102 g\u00fcne kadar uzayan g\u00f6zalt\u0131larda a\u011f\u0131r i\u015fkencelere u\u011frad\u0131lar. Tutukland\u0131lar. D\u0130SK\u2019in 52 y\u00f6neticisi hakk\u0131nda idam cezas\u0131 istendi, toplam 1477 ki\u015fi yarg\u0131land\u0131. Genel Ba\u015fkan\u0131m\u0131z Abdullah Ba\u015ft\u00fcrk savunmas\u0131nda \u201cSoygunculu\u011fa, s\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc ve bask\u0131ya, ka\u00e7ak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 olmak, y\u00fcksek \u00fccret, ikramiye ve k\u0131dem tazminat\u0131 elde etmek, emperyalizme ve fa\u015fizme kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kmak ve 1961 Anayasas\u0131\u2019n\u0131n savunmak su\u00e7 ise bu su\u00e7u kabul ediyorum\u201d dedi. D\u0130SK 11 y\u0131l sonra, 16 Temmuz 1991 g\u00fcn\u00fc beraat etti.<\/p>\n<p>12 Eyl\u00fcl Darbesi D\u0130SK\u2019i yok etmek istedi. Ancak D\u0130SK 12 Eyl\u00fcl\u2019\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn zulm\u00fcne ra\u011fmen ayakta kald\u0131 ve yoluna devam etti.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4062\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4062\" style=\"width: 724px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/D\u0130SK-AR-12-Eyl\u00fcl-RAPOR-SON.pdf\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-4062 size-large\" src=\"http:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/kapak-1-724x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"724\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/kapak-1-724x1024.jpg 724w, https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/kapak-1-212x300.jpg 212w, https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/kapak-1-768x1086.jpg 768w, https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/kapak-1-1086x1536.jpg 1086w, https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/kapak-1-1448x2048.jpg 1448w, https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/kapak-1-scaled.jpg 1811w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 724px) 100vw, 724px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4062\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Raporun pdf format\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6rsele t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Eme\u011fe Kar\u015f\u0131 Sermaye Darbesi: 40 Y\u0131ld\u0131r 12 Eyl\u00fcl! D\u0130SK-AR, 12 Eyl\u00fcl darbesinin 40 y\u0131ld\u0131r devam eden ekonomik, toplumsal ve sendikal alandaki y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 etkilerini bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmayla&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":4079,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"template-c-s2-post.php","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,6],"tags":[178,183,184,76],"class_list":["post-4063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arastirma","category-guncel","tag-12-eylul","tag-1980-darbesi","tag-40-yildir-12-eylul","tag-emek","wpcat-3-id","wpcat-6-id"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4063","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4063"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4063\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4120,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4063\/revisions\/4120"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4079"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4063"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4063"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arastirma.disk.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4063"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}